Occupational Therapy Assistant Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Occupational Therapy Assistant - Essay Example The decision I made has been coupled by a lot of adjustments I have to make in my life so as to be the perfect person I want to be. Being that my occupation involves interaction with people of different ages, I am learning how to handle the old and young patients who might be put under my care. The old need special treatment as well as the young. Since the work as an occupational therapist assistant may mean working in hospitals, outpatient clinics, schools, rehabilitation centers, nursing homes and even mental health facilities, I am currently adapting to different lives and different people. I know it is not a walk in the park working in a mental health facility, but yet again, I understand how much these patients need someone like me to look after them. For this reason, having understood the difficulty involved in working under these conditions, I have trained myself to be adaptable to any circumstances that might be associated with my

Effective Training Essay Example for Free

Effective Training Essay The management sector of each organization is important in their respective operation. In each group, a leader must exist to lead, guide and delegate important tasks and responsibilities with each member to achieve the efficiency in the use of their resources and the success of the operation. Similarly, in the business organization, the leaders of the institution are important in their operation as they manifest to guide the business towards the achievement of their economic goals and common interest. In terms of the operation, they are the ones that delegate the intricate tasks and responsibilities to each of the member for their benefits and success. Most importantly, the leaders are the ones that must evaluate and decide regarding important matters and issues in the business organization to ensure the positive result and continuous economic operation. Because the leaders of each business organization are important for the group, the institution must highly recognize the effective selection of the individuals placed in their top executive position. To acquire the most effective line up for the top executive position, the organization must implement certain approaches to achieve this result and ensure the quality of their management leader sector. One of the possible solution in ensuring this status is the development of succession plan for the ranks in top executive positions. Naturally, individuals presently occupying top executive positions are not permanent and so are their role effectiveness. As such, the organization must expect this scenario and develop a positive projection to ensure the present executive effectiveness through planning for the succession and replacement for each executive. As such, the organization can presently plan for their development and maintain the positive results they are benefiting for their present lineup. Some of the possible strategies in this aspect are succession projection, training for qualified individuals, apprenticeship programs and others to ensure that the positive qualities and characters of the present executives lineup will be maintained for the business continuous success and development.

Distinctly Canadian :: essays research papers

Distinctly Canadian Canada, federated country of North America, bounded on the north by the Arctic Ocean; on the northeast by Baffin Bay and Davis Strait, which separate it from Greenland; on the east by the Atlantic Ocean; on the south by the United States; and on the west by the Pacific Ocean and Alaska. Canada is the world's second largest country, surpassed in size only by Russia. Canada has a total area of 9,970,610 sq. km (3,849,652 sq. mi), of which 755,180 sq. km (291,575 sq. mi) is covered by bodies of fresh water such as rivers and lakes (Canadian Encyclopaedia, 1988). Canada contains great reserves of natural resources, notably timber, petroleum, natural gas, metallic minerals, and fish. The name Canada is derived from an Iroquoian term meaning "village" or "community." In Canada we have many images, practices, and items that make us one of the best, younger countries in the world. In such a short time for a country to exist, we have many images that make us very culturally rich in everyway. Probably the most important images, practices, and items come for our friend, the American Indians (or Native Americans). They were a definite asset to Canada's cultural growth. The American Indians came into Canada in a series of migrations that occurred during the last stages of the Pleistocene Ice Age, Mongoloid peoples from Asia entered North America, probably crossing the Bering Strait. Gradually they spread over the continent and into South America. By 1600, more than 250,000 of their aboriginal descendants inhabited what is now Canada. Developing a Stone Age economy, they hunted, fished, and gathered food and, in warmer areas, also farmed. The basic social unit was the band, which varied from a few families to several hundred people. In areas of higher settlement density, bands were organized into tribes and even larger units. The largest linguistic group was the Algonquian, which included migratory hunting tribes such as the Cree and Naskapi in the eastern subarctic region and the Abenaki and Micmac in the eastern woodlands on the coast. By the 18th century, Algonquians had spread west, where Ottawa, Ojibwa, Blackfoot, Plains Cree, and others roamed the prairies and plains in search of buffalo. The Iroquoian speaking tribes the Huron and the Iroquois—lived in permanent farm settlements and had a highly developed tribal organization in the St. Lawrence Valley and around Lakes Ontario and Erie (Canadian Encyclopaedia, 1988). Tribes of Salishan, Athabascan, and other linguistic groups occupied fishing villages along the rivers of interior British Columbia. On the Pacific coast, Salishan tribes, such as the Bellacoola, and related Wakashan-speaking tribes—the Kwakiutl and Nootka—developed a rich culture, based on salmon fishing,

Tda 2.9 Support Children and Young Peoples Positive Behaviour

TDA 2. 9 Support children and young peoples positive behaviour 1. 1. In our nursery we have a behaviour policy on promoting positive behaviour; it has the guidelines/code of conduct we use to promote positive behaviour. The aims of the behaviour policy is to create a consistent environment that expects, encourages and recognises good behaviour and one in which everyone feels happy and safe. The behaviour policy is the main policy on promoting positive behaviour in the nursery and we should all be aware of the policies as part of our ongoing professional development so that we can manage children’s behaviour in a consistent way.The policy sets the boundaries of behaviour expected from the children and also the behaviour expected from staff. It sets out how we should reward the children and sanction them e. g. my nursery rewards potty training with stickers and other good behaviour with verbal praise, if a child is behaving inappropriately then we explain to them firmly that the behaviour is not acceptable and we suggest the correct behaviour that they should be displaying and if the behaviour carries on then we put them in thinking time or take them away from an activity.We encourage the children to resolve conflicts by sharing or negotiating with each other. It also has the anti-bullying policy in it and how we should handle situations and explains what inappropriate behaviour is. I think that the benefit of encouraging and rewarding positive behaviour through praising is that the children learn good behaviour from bad behaviour and I tend to see more of the same positive behaviour reoccurring when I reward it. When children know that there are boundaries set it makes them feel secure and helps provide children with a safe and secure environment, thereby promoting good mental health.The nursery has golden rules * Show respect for others, considering their rights to use equipment, to have space to play without the threat of being hurt or upset * Sit quiet ly for story and meal times * Move around the nursery with regards to the safety of themselves and others * Use toys safely and appropriately * Listen to instructions and comply with requests made by the nursery workers These rules are taught by * Praising and rewarding positive behaviour * Encouraging sharing and negotiations * Adults modelling positive behaviour Helping the children to understand the effects of their behaviour on others * Teaching routines for certain activities such as meal times, circle times, tidying up, going out, sharing toys etc * Promoting children to follow rules and gradually reducing prompts * Helping to equip children to challenge bullying, harassment and name calling * Using stories and songs to teach the children the value of positive behaviour * Evaluating the nursery’s provisions to see if it may have any effect on children’s behaviour * Teaching children and consulting with them about the rules * Ensuring that children know and unders tand that they are always valued as individuals even if their behaviour may sometimes be unacceptable 1. It is important that all staff consistently and fairly apply boundaries and rules for dealing with behaviour in accordance with the policies and procedures in the setting to ensure that the children have a sense of security and learn right from wrong and that inappropriate behaviour will be dealt with in the same way all the time by all of the staff. Children test boundaries have not changed with other staff and will get confused and not know what is expected of them if we are not consistent in our approach with all children. if I ignore a situation like a child hitting another child in my class then he will think that its ok and do it to another child and other children may copy the behaviour and think that its ok to misbehave while they are in my care and it will undermine my position if I’m not consistent in my approach to behavioural issues.When we go out of the nurser y for a walk we have to hold the children’s hands while in the street and there are certain children that try not to, I’m not sure if it is to see if I react differently or if they just want to test me but I always stop and explain that they cant go for a walk if they don’t hold my hand at all times and I act just as I have seen other staff act in the same situation, if I didn’t act consistent like the other staff then I would be putting the child in danger in this situation because they might keep letting go and then run into the road. Children learn the correct behaviour through the use of boundaries. We must all model positive behaviour in order to be good role models and set standards for the children and ensure they know and follow the behaviour policies.

Countermeasures to Automobile-Exhaust Pollution Essay

The world motor vehicle population exceeds 1 billion units at the moment. These vehicles are used for transportation of people and products across various places around the world. As a result, they emit many pollutants. This is attributable to the action of their engines burning fuel to release energy, which is an inefficient process. Firstly, they release particulate matter consisting of both organic and inorganic substances into the atmosphere, through exhaust emissions. Secondly, they release Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs), which have carcinogenic effects. Pollution from vehicles is a universally acknowledged problem. However, it varies depending on the nation and its population. For example, pollution from cars contributes to between 50 to 90 percent of the total in urban areas. This may not be the same for rural areas. However, motor vehicles still present a disadvantage to the environment and human life. It is, therefore, prudent to develop countermeasures to automobile-exhaust pollution. Most of the world’s vehicles are operated on conventional hydrocarbons such as diesel and gasoline. By switching to fuel that maintains less pollution, the environmental impact of vehicles can be minimized. An alternative fuel technology that has the potential to meet this challenge is fuel cells. In this technology, hydrogen has maintained the best promise as a candidate to replace petroleum-based fuels. This technology utilizes hydrogen gas to create electricity. This electrical energy is converted to mechanical energy through an electric motor, which makes the wheels of an automobile to rotate. In this process, the emissions developed are pure water, Carbon (IV) Oxide and various oxides of nitrogen. This emissions are attributable to difficulties in storage and commercial production. Despite the release of oxides of carbon and nitrogen into the air, hydrogen fuel cells have a smaller footprint on the environment, when compared to conventional gasoline engines. However, such inefficiencies can be eliminated through use of concrete, as researched by a study at the University of Eindhoven (Yirka npp). The easiest method for manufacturing hydrogen gas at the moment requires mining fossil fuels, which has an environmental impact in its own right. However, new production techniques such as bacteria and biomass waste are expected to become conventional in the coming years. This will reduce the environmental impact of fuel cells, since the technology will lower oxides released into the air (Katsuhiko 3371). A hydrogen fuel cell works by the introduction of hydrogen at the cathode and oxygen at the anode. In the process, water is released out. Anions and cations from the cell are harnessed at the respective terminals, and energy is released. Hydrogen has a high energy content of around 150MJ/Kg or 61,100 BTUs per pound. This exceeds gasoline and its 20,900 BTUs of energy per pound. High energy content implies that less fuel is required to maintain the same amount of power in engines, or to travel the same distances. Similarly, it has a higher efficiency when used in combustion engines. Advanced hybrid engines such as that of the Prius maintain an efficiency of about 40% (Potera 38). However, hydrogen has an efficiency of about 75% when used as the lone source of fuel. This efficiency means that greater distances can be covered with less consumption of energy. However, introduction of additional hydrogen fuel cell cars has been hampered by infrastructural issues. There are limited facilities that allow fuelling to conventional commuters within their localities (Katsuhiko 3369). There are many electric cars (EVs) on modern roads. Examples may be seen from Tesla’s roadster and the Nissan Leaf car. These vehicles release virtually no emissions to the environment, therefore are a solution to automobile-exhaust problems. This is attributable to their engines, which do not burn fossil fuels in order to release energy. Electric cars use sets of linked batteries as their primary source of energy. These energy sources comprise materials such as lithium, lead and nickel-metal hydrides. These batteries typically consist of thousands of cells such as the lithium-ion type. They store energy that has been harnessed from electrical outlets at home, or the recharging stations that are found in some major cities. In the example of the Model S, the vehicle is charged through a ‘high power wall charger’. This device is replenishes the batteries around twice as fast as conventional power outlet would manage. Electric batteries are used to operate everything in the vehicle. They are used to run a controller which serves to run an electric motor. This motor is what rotates the wheels in EVs. Through recent breakthroughs in manufacturing, EV batteries can be mass-produced. There are now lower costs of ownership and maintenance to the consumer, when compared to the past. Batteries have a very high energy density, when compared to fuel cells. As a result, they offer higher mileage than traditional fuels. The Tesla Model S provides a good example of mileage. It can manage about 300 miles of travel at a speed of 55 miles per hour, out of its lithium ion batteries. Even conventional lead-acid batteries allow a range of 80 miles. EVs are characterized by high torque and low speeds. They are, therefore, very useful for usage within cities, where many vehicles are located in smaller vicinities than rural areas. They will help in reducing urban pollution since they do not release exhaust into the environment. The production of EVs often has higher environmental pollution than conventional cars (Lave and Hendrickson et al. 993–995). Improvements in production are needed for the solution of such issues. However, the usage of such vehicles is limited by infrastructural issues, just as the hydrogen fuel cells. As a result, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has highlighted that only 4,000 EVs are currently running on American roads. This contrasts to gasoline-based vehicles which are in the millions. New breakthroughs in charging and fuel range are required for such EVs to gain critical mass of commuters. The larger the distance a vehicle is driven, the more pollutants it releases to the environment. According to the EPA, over one third of smog emissions are attributable to vehicle use in urban areas. However, more people have taken to the roads since the 1970s. Similarly, they have driven for longer miles hence attenuated the pollution problem. This has only served to attenuate the problem at hand. People usually drive for many reasons. Firstly, it may be as a means for arriving at work. Secondly, they do it to access leisure areas such as parks. Thirdly, they drive to shopping centers to do their groceries. There are ways that people can drive fewer miles while accomplishing all these needs. Firstly, they can involve themselves in carpools. This refers to the sharing of cars on journeys, between different people, such that several people drive in one car simultaneously. This is useful in that lower miles are collectively driven, hence reduced environmental pollution from exhausts. Through carpooling, people can get to work or leisurely places without inconveniences such as fuel costs, long drives and pollution. Carpooling is possible through websites, apps and pickup points. Use of public transport vehicles also achieves the same effect. People should use buses and other public transport means, whenever possible. Secondly, people can reduce the environmental footprint of their cars by combining errands into a single trip. This is especially useful in the case of families that own multiple cars. Instead of sending different people to pick up items needed by the family, one vehicle may be used to collect all these items. Shopping often requires the use of vehicles, since the luggage may be overbearing. In that respect, pollution can be reduced through use of the efficient e-commerce platforms such as Amazon. Individuals are able to meet their shopping needs while reducing their environmental footprint. The use of trucks for shipping goods is also useful since it allows collectively leaner environmental emissions when compared to many cars operated by shoppers. The internet has allowed various individuals to work at home. Similarly, it has enabled people to telecommute. It would, therefore, be environmentally beneficial if people used these tools instead of driving to work on each applicable day. These measures also reduce congestion in traffic. There will be fewer vehicles on the road, thus fewer delays that accumulate into environmental pollution through release of exhausts. In the modern world, settlement has been defined by work and educational opportunities. For example, people try to live as close to work as is comfortably possible. This has been attributable to efforts in reducing travel times, as well as associated fuel costs. According to the United States Census Bureau (npp), over 10 million Americans travel an hour each way to work. This has provided a challenge to the country’s urban planners and engineers. There has been a trend in altering commuting patterns through development of areas that provide ‘walkable communities’. This concept implies areas that require less motorized movements in order to get around (Fullerton & Gan 303). Through walkable communities, commuters would be able to reduce their environmental footprints as they get around. Residential, leisure, business and industries are developed in a common area such that people get to each point devoid of cars. Alongside reduction of pollution, the quality of life is also improved for people residing in such locations, since they are able to exercise. Through use of alternative fuels, environmental emissions can be reduced. However, arguably the best approach to reducing such wastes would be an alteration of driving habits. In that respect, an effective method for reducing both fuel consumption and environmental emission would be a reduction in vehicle idle time. When people sit in their cars while their engine runs, they release exhaust just as they were driving. This happens during conditions such as traffic among others. In that respect, it would be prudent if people learn to switch of their engines in such circumstances. Manufacturers should also implement the start-stop systems across a wider range of cars. This will allow engines to switch off, when the cars are stationary. By stepping on the gas pedal, vehicles are able to start their engines immediately. This reduces the annoyances associated by drivers to starting their engines again. Cars of the past featured inefficient engines. They released more particulate wastes into the environment, while consuming more fuel than contemporary variants. However, some of these cars are still in service today. Despite good maintenance, older vehicles become less efficient than their original state. . Drivers should be encouraged to drive newer vehicles. For example, modern cars such as the Prius offer nearly triple the efficiency of older cars, in terms of fuel consumption and environmental consumption. Newer cars also adhere to modern emission controls that are set by the EPA and other responsible bodies (Dennis-Parks 799). In the United States, public transportation policy has been left to local authorities in cities and towns. As a result, the country lacks a homogenized transportation system. Schedules for buses and trains have difficulties in being followed. These systems are also characterized by slow speeds of movement. This has created frustration among users, who view cars as efficient modes of transportation. Similarly, American culture has often painted a tainted picture on public transport systems. The car has been portrayed as a symbol of achievement. The converse has been applied for transport systems such as buses. The American Public Transport Association states that usage of public transportation results into savings of over 35 million metric tons of Carbon (IV) Oxide on an annual basis. By switching to public transport for the average American round trip of 20, miles daily, an individual is able to reduce their annual emissions by over 4,000 pounds (Fullerton & Gan 303, 304). Going to work is one of the key reasons behind owning a car in the United States. In that respect, companies can make a significant contribution to the efforts against environmental pollution. Firstly, they can provide shuttle bus services to their employees. In that respect, they can purchase or hire buses that will pick up and drop off employees at designated points, on each work day. This will assist in reducing vehicle emissions due to ride sharing. This can be seen through Google, which operates shuttle services for its employees. Secondly, companies can post ride-share boards in their premises. This will allow employee who live close to each other to commute on a single vehicle, thus saving fuel and the environment. Some companies have also assisted employees through creation of car cooperatives. These are services that allow employees to rent cars from a set location. In return, the employees pay small fees for their use of the cars. Such systems are very useful for people working in inner city districts, who need cars only on a rare occasion. This encourages them to use public and shared transport, as opposed to personal vehicles. It is estimated that the global urban population will almost double by the mid-21st century. As a result, alternate means of transportation need to be crafted for the urban populations. The use of motorized vehicles will only result into further environmental pollution in such areas. Urban dwellers will consequently be exposed to poor health and effects such as smog. In that respect, local authorities need to establish policies that encourage non-motorized commuting. Bike sharing programs are similar to car cooperatives, only that they are not characterized by polluting effects (Fullerton & Gan 301). Different cities have made attempts at bike sharing programs. However, they are not meant to eliminate the use of motorized transport completely. Public transport and cars is used for commuting to centralized locations, where bicycles can then be accessed for movement within urban areas. Errands that exist within a radius of one mile are practical by foot. Similarly, bikes are useful for errands within five miles, which characterizes the inner city. Various cities around the world have embraced such measures. For example, the Chinese cities of Beijing and Shanghai have bike sharing programs that have operated very well. Cities may also embrace some measures, which may be rather draconian. For example, cars whose registration ends with odd numbers may be allowed access to roads on particular days of the week. This measure will allow a curtailment of excessive vehicles on roads. Similarly, it will encourage ride sharing programs. Cars have an impact on environmental pollution, especially in the urban context. In that respect, several measures can be observed, in the efforts of reducing exhaust emissions. New technologies such as hydrogen fuel cells and EVs will be useful in reducing emissions such as the oxides of carbon and nitrogen. However, of greater use is the adoption of efficient driving habits by commuters. Car manufacturers also have a role in the reduction of emissions. By rolling out start-stop technology to all cars, high environmental savings can be recorded. Driving to work is an important part of many American lives. Companies can assist in environmental efforts by providing their workers with ride sharing and shuttle facilities. Companies such as Google and Apple present a good example of how this can be implemented. Similarly, local authorities and urban planners have an important role in designing cities that will require little use of motorized vehicles. Through implementation of such measures, massive savings on environmental pollutants can be recorded. Works Cited Dennis-Parks, Reda M. â€Å"Instructing the EPA How to Regulate Vehicle Emmissions.† Ecology LQ, 30. (2003): 799. Print. Fullerton, Don and Li Gan. â€Å"Cost-effective policies to reduce vehicle emissions. † American Economic Review, 95. 2 (2005): 300–304. Print. Hirose, Katsuhiko. â€Å"Materials towards carbon-free, emission-free and oil-free mobility: hydrogen fuel-cell vehicles—now and in the future. † Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 368. 1923 (2010): 3365–3377. Print. Lave, Lester B, Chris T Hendrickson and Francis Clay Mcmichael. â€Å"Environmental implications of electric cars.†Science(Washington), 268. 5213 (1995): 993–995. Print. Potera, Carol. â€Å"Beyond batteries: portable hydrogen fuel cells. † Environmental Health Perspectives, 115. 1 (2007): 38. Print. United States Census Bureau. â€Å"Megacommuters: 600,000 in U. S. Travel 90 Minutes and 50 Miles to Work, and 10. 8 Million Travel an Hour Each Way, Census Bureau Reports – American Community Survey (ACS) – Newsroom – U. S. Census Bureau. † Census. gov, 2013. Web. 2 Dec 2013. . Yirka, Bob. â€Å"Researchers find treating pavement with titanium oxide reduces air pollution. † Phys. org, 2013. Web. 2 Dec 2013. .

Biography of Joel Roberts Poinsett

Biography of Joel Roberts Poinsett Joel Roberts Poinsett was a scholar and traveler whose skills as a diplomat were relied upon by five consecutive American presidents in the early 1800s. Today we remember him not because he was taken so seriously by presidents from James Madison to Martin Van Buren, or because he served as a congressman, an ambassador, and in the cabinet as secretary of war. We also overlook that he helped keep his birthplace, South Carolina, from leaving the Union 30 years before the Civil War, during the heated politics of the Nullification Crisis. Poinsett is mainly remembered today because he was a devoted gardener, and when he saw a plant in Mexico that turned red before Christmas, he naturally brought samples back to raise in his greenhouse in Charleston. That plant was later named for him, and, of course, the poinsettia has become a standard  Christmas decoration. An article about plant names in the New York Times in 1938 stated that Poinsett probably would be disgusted with the fame that has come to him. That may overstate the case. The plant was named for him during his lifetime  and presumably, Poinsett did not object. Following his death on December 12,  1851, newspapers published tributes that did not mention the plant for which hes now remembered. The New York Times, on December 23, 1851, began  his obituary by calling Poinsett a politician, statesman, and diplomatist, and later referred to him as a substantial intellectual power. It wasnt until decades later that the poinsettia was widely cultivated and began to achieve enormous popularity at Christmas. And it was in the early 20th century that millions began unknowingly  referring to Poinsett while remaining unaware of his diplomatic adventures 100 years earlier. Poinsetts Early Diplomacy Joel Roberts Poinsett was born in Charleston, South Carolina, on March 2, 1779. His father was a prominent physician and as a boy, Poinsett was educated by his father and private tutors. In his teens, he was sent to an academy in Connecticut administered by Timothy Dwight, a noted educator. In 1796 he began studies abroad, attending, in succession, a college in England, a medical school in Scotland, and a military academy in England.   Poinsett intended to pursue a military career but his father encouraged him to return to America and study law. After engaging in legal studies in America, he returned to Europe in 1801 and spent most of the next seven years traveling through Europe and Asia. When tensions between Britain and the United States heightened in 1808, and it seemed war could break out, he returned home. Though apparently still intent on joining the military, he instead was brought into government service as a diplomat. In 1810 the Madison administration dispatched him as a special envoy to South America. In 1812 he posed as a British merchant to collect intelligence on events in Chile, where a revolution sought independence from Spain. The situation in Chile became volatile and Poinsetts position became precarious. He departed Chile for Argentina, where he stayed until returning to his home in Charleston in the spring of 1815.   Ambassador to Mexico Poinsett became interested in politics in South Carolina and was elected to statewide office in 1816. In 1817 President James Monroe called upon Poinsett to return to South America as a special envoy, but he declined.   In 1821 he was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives. He served in Congress for four years. His time on Capitol Hill was interrupted, from August 1822 to January 1823, when he visited Mexico on a special diplomatic mission for President Monroe. In 1824 he published a book about his journey, Notes on Mexico, which is full of gracefully written details about Mexican culture, scenery, and  plants. In 1825 John Quincy Adams, a scholar and diplomat himself, became president. No doubt impressed by Poinsetts knowledge of the country, Adams appointed him as the U.S. ambassador to Mexico. Poinsett served four years in Mexico and his time there was often fairly troubled. The political situation in the country was unsettled, and Poinsett was often accused, fairly or not, of intrigue. At one point he was labeled as a scourge to Mexico for his presumed meddling in local politics. Poinsett and Nullification He returned to America in 1830, and President Andrew Jackson, whom Poinsett had befriended years earlier, gave him what amounted to a diplomatic mission on American soil. Returning to Charleston, Poinsett became the president of the Unionist Party in South Carolina, a faction determined to keep the state from seceding from the Union during the Nullification Crisis. Poinsetts political and diplomatic skills helped to calm the crisis, and after three years he essentially retired to a farm outside Charleston. He devoted himself to writing, reading in his extensive library, and cultivating plants. In 1837 Martin Van Buren was elected president and convinced Poinsett to come out of retirement to return to Washington as his secretary of war. Poinsett administered the War Department for four years before again returning to South Carolina to devote himself to his scholarly pursuits. Lasting Fame According to most accounts, plants were successfully propagated in Poinsetts greenhouse, from cuttings taken from the plants he brought back from Mexico in 1825, during his first year as an ambassador. The newly grown plants were given as gifts, and one of Poinsetts friends arranged for some to be exhibited at an exhibition of plants in Philadelphia in 1829. The plant was popular at the show, and Robert Buist, the proprietor of a nursery business in Philadelphia, named it for Poinsett. Over the following decades, the poinsettia became prized by plant collectors. It was found to be tricky to cultivate. But it caught on, and in the 1880s mentions of poinsettia appeared in newspaper articles about holiday celebrations at the White House.   Home gardeners began to have success growing it in greenhouses 1800s. A Pennsylvania newspaper, the Laport Republican News Item, mentioned its popularity in an article published on December 22, 1898: ... there is one flower which is identified with Christmas. This is the so-called Mexican Christmas flower, or poinsettia. It is a small red flower, with long highly decorative red leaves, which blooms in Mexico about this time of year and is grown here in greenhouses especially for use at Christmas time. In the first decade of the 20th century, numerous newspaper articles mentioned the popularity of the poinsettia as a holiday decoration. By that time the poinsettia had become established as a garden plant in southern California. And nurseries devoted to growing poinsettia for the holiday market began to flourish. Joel Roberts Poinsett could never have imagined what he was starting. The poinsettia has become the largest selling potted plant in America and growing them has become a multi-million dollar industry. December 12, the anniversary of Poinsetts death, is National Poinsettia Day. And its impossible to imagine a Christmas season without seeing poinsettias.

Bright Horizons Business Analysis

Bright Horizons Business Analysis Free Online Research Papers The company Bright Horizons offers innovative, employer sponsored quality child care and early education. Bright Horizons can be identified in the early education industry based on the definition of an industry which is a â€Å"group of organizations offering a similar product or service to the same customer group and/or drawing from the same resource pool (Strategic Planning a Practical Guide 2008). Bright Horizons does however, have some differences from other early education industries mainly on account of the fact of being employer sponsored. Therefore, it can be set apart from other early education centers since it can be considered a private early education industry as well. Early childhood education has many factors that link education to economic growth. The key macroeconomic variables that affect early education industries such as Bright Horizons are employment and increased gross domestic product. According to Belfield of the University of New York (2006), the increase in employment can be accounted for because, â€Å"female labor force participation rates are increased somewhat, although the effects appear to be largely a function of mothers’ entry into the workforce a few time periods earlier than they otherwise might have. The labor force participation effects for those who receive early child education are also positive.† By more mothers entering the workforce because they feel comfortable sending their child to an early childhood center welfare also decreases. Early childhood education centers, such as Bright Horizons, are programs that allow parents to work, so in turn households increase labor market participation. Furthermore, studies show that children who invest time at a young age in early childhood ed ucation centers are said to have increased high school graduation and progress into college. Additionally, they go into the workplace at a higher rate than children who do not participate in these centers, therefore, raising economic growth. A second macroeconomic variable that affects Bright Horizons is gross domestic product. Gross domestic product in this case is increased based upon human capital. Human capital is not only a function of the initial stock the individual is born with (genetic luck) but is produced over the life cycle by families, schools, and firms, although most discussions of skill formation focus on schools as the major producer of abilities and skill (Cavlier, 2006). By acquiring specific numbers of children product placement and construction increase. For example, by opening up a new early childhood education center new buildings are needed, new toys need to be acquired, and other supplies in general need to be purchased. The companies making these products also have an increase in production when working mothers feel content with their child’s early childhood center. This increase is based upon a working mother’s comfort level allowing her to be more productive in the work en vironment. A central conclusion of a vast body of research is that in most countries efficiency in public spending would be enhanced if human capital investment were directed more toward the young and away from older and less-skilled for whom human capital is a poor investment (Cavlier, 2006). Bright Horizons faces several challenges and opportunities in the future. The main challenge comes into play because the company is an employer sponsored company. The challenge of being an employer sponsored company lie within companies themselves wanting to invest in an early childhood education center. With the job forces decreasing many companies do not want to involve themselves with the extra expense to open or invest in such a large facility. Another challenge is the turn-over rate. The average pay for a child care worker is $12.34 according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. This often means that someone interested in the field will use early childhood education centers as a stepping stone to furthering their career in education. On the other hand, some of the opportunities an early childhood education center such as Bright Horizons has to offer are job availability, location, and increasing number of women entering the workforce. With employment expected to increase by 18% in the next 8 years there are many opportunities to find a position in an early childhood education center. Additionally, with the availability increase more facilities have to be built therefore, the locations of centers will be more desirable. More women entering the workforce allow more children to have the chance to attend early childhood education which in turn creates more positions to work for. In conclusion, by looking at the projected employment outcomes for early childhood education center this is a growing industry. This industry will seemingly continue to grow for years to come making more need for centers such as Bright Horizons to exist. References Arts Manager. (2008). Strategic Planning. Retrieved March 14, 2008, from artsmanager.org/strategic/primer/chapter3.cfm Blefield, C. (2006). Macroeconomics of Preschooling. Retrieved March 15, 2008, from http://nieer.org/resources/research Cavlier, A. (2006). Economics and Early Childhood Economics. Retrieved March 16, 2008 from iscpa.org Research Papers on Bright Horizons Business AnalysisPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesStandardized TestingResearch Process Part OneThree Concepts of PsychodynamicHip-Hop is ArtEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenPETSTEL analysis of IndiaAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropeRelationship between Media Coverage and Social and

Average National SAT Scores for 2015

Average National SAT Scores for 2015 SAT Score Frequently Asked Questions    In 2015, you registered  for the SAT  and took it along with  1,698,521 of your closest high school friends, which is a pretty sizable feat considering your complete aversion to all things standardized tests, right? And now, youre sitting there with your SAT score report in hand, wondering how all of those other college applicants fared on this test.  Am I  right? If youre anything like students before you, and maybe even those students who come after you, youre going to want to know how your SAT score compares to other SAT scores. Below, youll read several fun facts about the average national SAT scores for 2015 according to gender, ethnicity, and even household income.   If youre interested in knowing the average SAT scores for students entering the top public schools in the country and those for the  top private schools, then check out the links. Otherwise, keep reading.   Overall SAT Scores for 2015 Heres where we talk mean. And Im not talking about being a jerk. Im referring to the mathematical mean, which is the average of a set of numbers. In this case, the mean is the average SAT score of every student who took the test from the fall of 2014 through June of 2015.   Here are the mean scores for all testers by section: Overall: 1497Critical Reading: 495Mathematics: 511Writing: 484 SAT Scores By Gender It isnt often fun to find out that people of your gender are performing worse than people of another gender, but here you have it in black and white. Males, youre leading in Critical Reading and Math. Females, youre ahead in Writing. Next year, these numbers will be dramatically different, considering the Redesigned SAT has an entirely different scoring system.   Critical Reading:Males: 497Females: 493Mathematics:Males: 527Females: 496Writing:Males: 478Females: 490 SAT Scores By Reported Annual Income I hate to say it, but it appears as though the kids with the wealthiest parents are the smartest kids in the universe. Just kidding, just kidding. Lets screw on our thinking caps and consider what these numbers imply. Perhaps kids with wealthier parents are just graced with above-average test-taking skills, OR, these statistics could  mean that kids with a little bit more cash have  parents who are more willing to purchase SAT prep  or  shell out the moolah for retakes. I dont know. We could conjecture all day on this subject, but the stats do not lie; parents making more money produce kids with higher SAT scores. Look: $0 - $20,000Critical Reading: 433Math: 455Writing: 426$20,000 - $40,000Critical Reading: 466Math: 479Writing:454$40,000 - $60,000Critical Reading: 488Math: 497Writing: 473$60,000 - $80,000Critical Reading: 503Math: 510Writing: 487$80,000 - $100,000Critical Reading: 517Math: 526Writing: 501$100,000 - $120,000Critical Reading: 528Math: 539Writing: 514$120,000 - $140,000Critical Reading: 531Math: 542Writing: 518$140,000 - $160,000Critical Reading: 539Math: 551Writing: 526$160,000 - $200,000Critical Reading: 545Math: 557Writing: 534$200,000 and moreCritical Reading: 570Math: 587Writing: 563 SAT Scores By Ethnicity Although there is definitely no causal relationship between ethnicity and SAT scores, it can be interesting to take a peek at the differences among us when it comes to test-taking. Here are the mean overall scores by ethnicity. American Indian or Alaska Native: 1423Asian, Asian-American or Pacific Islander: 1654Black of African-American: 1277Mexican or Mexican-American: 1343Puerto Rican: 1357Latin-American, Central-American, South-American or Other Latino: 1345White: 1576Other: 1496 2015 SAT Scores Summary So, it would appear that if really interested in getting a fantastic SAT score, you should sign up to be in a family that brings in more than $200,000 per year, ensure that youre male, and become (or remain) Asian. If that doesnt work, theres always free SAT practice quizzes, free SAT apps, and the best SAT books out there.   SAT Scores for 2012SAT Scores for 2013SAT Scores for 2014

Documentary Film Analysis Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Documentary Film Analysis - Term Paper Example The portrayals that are used throughout this film as well as the different elements which were used all created defining points about poetics and aesthetics that link together both the documentary and art film. The concept of documentary film is now portrayed in six different categories, specifically because of the filming style and different elements that are used for the final displays. This includes expository, observational, poetic, participatory, reflexive and performative. The division of documentaries is divided specifically by the elements in the film, including the narration, decision to include specific types of materials and the techniques that are used with the various films. It is also noted that each of these definitions overlap, specifically which is defined by the pieces of film that the director decides to use. For instance, some clips may include observational scenes, which shows the setting and basic elements surrounding the area. This is followed by a performative approach, which may be used with interviews and individuals that are expected to relay specific pieces of information, such as through the voice of the narrator. Interactions that retell different parts of sto ries that aren’t filmed but only available through oral storytelling may also be considered (Plantinga, 105). The poetic documentary is one which is defined by the different techniques that are the main focus of portraying information. This is given by using aesthetics as the main component, including the film shots, settings and the portrayal of different characters. The use of these techniques is followed by the audio that is used. There are different types of music that will be used during different shots of the film, specifically to create a deeper understanding and meaning of a given setting and to create a higher response by emotions from the film. The narration is used to

Personality Assessment Instrument or Inventory Critique Essay

Personality Assessment Instrument or Inventory Critique - Essay Example are definitely designed towards the important need of allowing people the chances of development that they deserve for future personal progressions which in turn could help them reach their peak potentials as workers, as members of the society and as satisfied individuals. 2 Myers Briggs Type Indicator is among the most popular personality assessment instrument there is. Basically developed to be used by administrators of several institutions, this particular personality indicator is perceived to have one of the most effective approaches in assessing human personalities and bringing in conclusions that are worthwhile enough to be applied for evaluating and improving the personalities of people to allow them to realize their full potential as individuals that are aiming towards developmental progression in their own fields of expertise. 3 In the paragraphs that follow, an understanding on the major issues and efficiency factors of the said personality evaluation tool so as to identify the capabilities of the entire medium in implicating change and realization upon the persons taking the chance to becoming better individuals in their own fields of concentration. The essential values that are present in the process of evaluating the individual capabilities of the examiners are rather considered as the necessary factors that make this particular individual assessment tool a source of knowledgeable understanding on the part of the efficiency of the assessment instrument mentioned herein.4 Discussing this particular matter shall be better clarified within the paragraphs that follow. The concept of human action is generally concluded by the aspect of the scientific facts to be significantly caused by the works of the mind of every individual. This idea is generally expressed in the saying â€Å"what the mind can perceive, the body can conceive.† Thus, to empirically understand and explain the actions and personality of each individual in the society, their mind and

Sexuality and the City Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Sexuality and the City - Term Paper Example This suggests that individuals are limited by the strictures – in most cultures, homosexuality is deemed as illegal and is punishable by the law. Therefore, this essay will attempt to use some theories such as the queer theory and the urban theory in order to explain the relation between sexuality and the city. On that note, it is significant to observe that the battle for sexuality rights have been waged since the early 70s. For example, lesbians and gays made a fundamental achievement in the formation of Gay Liberation and Women’s Liberation movements. This led to complete transformation of the sexual landscape in the whole country. Similarly, during that period, gay men and women openly came out to affirm their same-sex eroticism (D’Emilio 123). Alternatively, the appeal concerning sodomy laws also triumphed in more than half the states of America. Furthermore, it led to a limited lifting of stigmatization of gay men and lesbians from federal jobs and civil ri ghts protection. Additionally, with the abolition of homosexuality as a mental illness from the psychiatric standards, the Democratic Party included gay rights in their manifesto platforms. Furthermore, there was the expansion of the gay male subculture, especially in big cities, where they were notable. Lesbian feminists strived to establish alternative cultures and institutions that tried to empower persons of the same sex. In addition, they wanted to create a vision of liberatory nature in a conventional society and set a vision for the coming times. However, with the coming of the 80s, the future seemed to turn bleak for the most hyperactive lesbians and gay men (Knoop 140). In other words, the era almost watered down their efforts that begun during the 60s when they had strategies and goals. It is also critical to observe that the same-sex movement was born out of homosexual desires felt in isolation and without the knowledge of the sufferers. This was mostly in the cities arou nd the 60s when the same-sex movement defined history and become a mythology. Furthermore, during the 60s it was clear to describe what the lesbians and the gay felt because there were neither resources nor acceptance to help them understand their situation. Another arising concept entails issues pertaining to urban theory. This is whereby the generation of wealth in the city is facilitated by the available economic priorities. Urban theory encompasses a collection of social theories that may include neo-classical, modern and classical ones. Therefore, in the context of the social theory, there are driving social forces that drive the economic and political empowerment of the city residents. This is where the issues of sexuality fall because people yearn for sexual freedom and autonomy (Bell and Valentine 153). Alternatively, urban theorists also agree that the freedoms that influence urban planning and development should include everyone irrespective of their uniqueness. It is beca use of these emerging disparities that the queer theory was born in order to counter the pressures of the city stigmatization. Queer theory began in the early 90s as a critical theory of post-structuralism format, and it entails reading of queer texts. This theory takes credit from the early works of Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick, Judith Butler and Lauren Berlant. On the same line, it is

Business Strategy Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Business Strategy - Assignment Example A company may adopt either a mechanistic or an organic approach while executing its business or any other role that it plays in the society. A mechanistic approach is characterized by high levels of bureaucracy and complex strategies of executing duties, which are carried out in a more formal way. On the other hand, an organic organization has lower degree of bureaucracy, is relatively centralized and show limited level of formality while executing its strategies (Herman, 1991, pp306). b) Alfred D. Chandler’s reading is a business classic. Explain why structure follows strategy. Does firm structure continually evolve? If yes, how does this take place? Give an example to illustrate. (7 marks) Any organization that ventures in any business must come up with strategies to achieve the best fit in the ever-competitive environment. In this case, the company has to decide on which strategy to adopt among other issues. It is indispensable to appreciate the fact that a company has to s trategize on which structure to adopt. In this case, strategy comes before structure. Most organizations evolve in order to acclimatize themselves to changes in the business environment. Furthermore, growing competition often forces a company to re-strategize and come up with better ideas to help it to operate profitably. This is the basis of evolution. In fact, a company may have to diversify its operations and provide new product that it were not producing initially (Herman, 1991, pp309). Furthermore, a company may come up with new departments to help it in tackling the numerous issues related to success. This is the basis of structural evolution in an organization. For example, Google Inc. has experienced an evolving organizational structure. Initially, it did not have representatives in other regions of its operations. However, it has had to introduce branches in such places in order to take care of its interests. Branches like Google South America, Google SE Asia, and Google Ea st Africa among others exemplify this. c) Bartlett and Ghoshal (1995) argue the benefits of transnational organizations. What is a transnational organization? Provide an example of a transnational organization, justifying your selection. (5 marks) A transnational organization as used by Bartlett and Ghoshal (1995) is a phrase used to illustrate an organization that carries out its activities in a global perspective and does not rely in any way with the differences that may exist in countries that it operates. Such an organization in most instances seeks to achieve the balance of providing globally efficient services, responsive to all its customers irrespective of their nationalities, and carries out worldwide development. Microsoft Inc. exemplifies this. The corporation is American-based, but it is obviously clear that it seeks to provide goods and services serving the global market (Segal-Horn & Faulkner 1999, pp 116). d) What do critical views and current findings tell us about t he link between strategy and structure? (3 marks) The current findings and views postulate a clear perspective that strategy and structure are intertwined facets in which one cannot operate in the absence of then other. It is essential to note that, strategies formulated by any organization are drawn from the status of the existing business environment. This will then be used to come up with the best structure that counters the weakness and takes advantage of the strengths at its disposal. The development of such a competitive advantage positions the company at a situation where it can capitalize its strategic options, which are often determined by the environment. a) Briefly explain the planning perspective and the incrementalism

The task for this assignment is to analyse a case study for a private Essay

The task for this assignment is to analyse a case study for a private sector or a public organisation of your own choice - Essay Example Having said this, the purpose of this paper is to first of all analyse the strategy adopted by Tesco in relation to product transportability", transferability of competitive advantage","Inter-firm transferability of resources", and the need to adapt to local market conditions in the following overseas markets (USA, Thailand, Malaysia, Japan and China). In the first section, using relevant analytical model, Tesco will first of will be diagnosed to know it sources of competitive advantage, thereafter, attention will be shifted to the need to adapt to local overseas markets in the United States, Thailand, Japan and China. Porters five forces framework was originally developed as a way of assessing the attractiveness (Profit potential) of different industries. As such, it can help in identifying the sources of competition in an industry or sector (Johnson & Scholes 2005, Brand 1963). The basis upon which this framework is built will serve in analysing TESCO Plc strategic capabilities. With thousands of different supermarkets in the United states with each of them being strategic players, Tesco will have to adapt to local values in the United States. The competition is going to be fierce, with Wal-Mart, currently being the market leader. Thus Tesco should pay attention on the four Ps, product price, promotion, and place in these markets (Charles 2007). Tesco has a pool of financial resources, reserves; managerial capabilities that can help the company cope up with competion. In the United States, Thailand and Japan, Tesco will have to adapt to local values through sourcing of local materials and resour ces, the recruitment of local staff. Management will have to think globally but act locally (Company 2007 Report). The company ongoing exclusive rights with suppliers, distributors and transporting companies should be replicated in these markets. In these markets, it will be difficult for local supermarkets to get up overnight and start operating at Tesco scale. Though there are potentials for the sector to attract potential competitors or new entrants, the situation is however difficult for new entrants to enter the line of business, because huge capital, and capabilities are necessary to support after sales services. In terms of technical expertise to get up overnight and open a grocery store that will compete with Tesco is not easy. More so, Groceries stores often strived at having an exclusive right with their suppliers (Cheng & Bolong 1993, Drejer 2002). These is the same type of relationship, Tesco will maintain with its suppliers in these markets. Suppliers and customers have a high bargaining power in these markets. Each grocery store strive at having unique items, others offer almost the same thing making customers and potential customers to base their attention on price, quality and after sales benefit

QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS FOR DECISION MAKING Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS FOR DECISION MAKING - Essay Example Long-range forecast involve timeframes of over three years involving capital expenditures, R&D, new product planning and expansion (Heizer & Render). There are two different approaches of forecasting. The first approach is subjective or qualitative where factor’s such as the manager’s intuition, experience, emotions and opinion are utilized in reaching a forecast. The second quantitative approach involves the use of some historical data coupled with the use of some mathematical models in order to predict possible future outcomes. The qualitative approach is often useful in estimating sales for certain new consumer products or services that rely heavily on customer needs and preferences. Under the qualitative approach to forecasting there are four different types of methods used (Heizer, et. al.): Jury of executive Opinion- the opinion of a group of high level managers or decision makers is used in combination with some statistical models to arrive at a conclusion Sales Force composite- the individual salesperson sales forecasts are all combined and reviewed for accuracy in order to determine an overall forecast. Delphi Method- in these approach there are three types of participants: staff personnel, respondents and decision makers. The decision makers typically consist of a panel of 5 to 10 experts who will be making the actual forecasts.

The task for this assignment is to analyse a case study for a private Essay

The task for this assignment is to analyse a case study for a private sector or a public organisation of your own choice - Essay Example Having said this, the purpose of this paper is to first of all analyse the strategy adopted by Tesco in relation to product transportability", transferability of competitive advantage","Inter-firm transferability of resources", and the need to adapt to local market conditions in the following overseas markets (USA, Thailand, Malaysia, Japan and China). In the first section, using relevant analytical model, Tesco will first of will be diagnosed to know it sources of competitive advantage, thereafter, attention will be shifted to the need to adapt to local overseas markets in the United States, Thailand, Japan and China. Porters five forces framework was originally developed as a way of assessing the attractiveness (Profit potential) of different industries. As such, it can help in identifying the sources of competition in an industry or sector (Johnson & Scholes 2005, Brand 1963). The basis upon which this framework is built will serve in analysing TESCO Plc strategic capabilities. With thousands of different supermarkets in the United states with each of them being strategic players, Tesco will have to adapt to local values in the United States. The competition is going to be fierce, with Wal-Mart, currently being the market leader. Thus Tesco should pay attention on the four Ps, product price, promotion, and place in these markets (Charles 2007). Tesco has a pool of financial resources, reserves; managerial capabilities that can help the company cope up with competion. In the United States, Thailand and Japan, Tesco will have to adapt to local values through sourcing of local materials and resour ces, the recruitment of local staff. Management will have to think globally but act locally (Company 2007 Report). The company ongoing exclusive rights with suppliers, distributors and transporting companies should be replicated in these markets. In these markets, it will be difficult for local supermarkets to get up overnight and start operating at Tesco scale. Though there are potentials for the sector to attract potential competitors or new entrants, the situation is however difficult for new entrants to enter the line of business, because huge capital, and capabilities are necessary to support after sales services. In terms of technical expertise to get up overnight and open a grocery store that will compete with Tesco is not easy. More so, Groceries stores often strived at having an exclusive right with their suppliers (Cheng & Bolong 1993, Drejer 2002). These is the same type of relationship, Tesco will maintain with its suppliers in these markets. Suppliers and customers have a high bargaining power in these markets. Each grocery store strive at having unique items, others offer almost the same thing making customers and potential customers to base their attention on price, quality and after sales benefit

Philosophy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 34

Philosophy - Essay Example He believed that it was up to every person to contemplate and search into his soul to find out who he or she was. Except for very rare instances cited by a few historians, he hardly ever worked. He also never wrote. He prided himself on the questions he asked. Even this is not entirely true. He didn’t pride himself on anything. He never offered answers. One of his most famous sayings is:†I know that I know nothing.† This is a whole complex issue known as the â€Å"Socratic Problem.† Socrates was extremely cynical and many of his sayings were paradoxical because they contradicted common sense. Some of these are: â€Å"No one desires evil.† "No one errs or does wrong willingly or knowingly." "Virtue—all virtue—is knowledge." "Virtue is sufficient for happiness." "I know that I know nothing noble and good† (Irwin, 64). But by far his most famous saying is â€Å"I only know that I know nothing.† Plato wrote a series entitled Socratic Dialogues (The Republic, Apology of Socrates, etc.) in which he presented discussions between Socrates and other contemporary philosophers and between Socrates and his many students. As the only source of Socrates’ philosophical beliefs is Plato’s writings, it is difficult to distinguish those of Socrates’ beliefs from those of Plato. There are those who believe that Plato did, in fact, have his own philosophical orientation. There is controversy among scholars over what these were because of the difficulty of separating Socrates from Plato in Plato’s dialogues. Consequently, distinguishing the philosophical beliefs of Socrates from those of Plato and Xenophon is not easy and it must be remembered that what is attributed to Socrates might more closely reflect the specific concerns of these thinkers. The matter is complicated because the historical Socrates seems to have been notorious for asking questions but not answering them, claiming to lack wisdom concerning the subjects

Ethical Decisions Essay Example for Free

Ethical Decisions Essay Every individual is faces with ethical decisions every day in both their personal and professional lives. To avoid making unethical decisions, one must know what leads to poor decision making. Once a person knows what leads to the poor decision, they must find ways to resist making an unethical act. A person cannot make the right choice if they do not know how to avoid it. A leader must also know how to inspire ethical decisions within their staff. This paper covers ways to avoid making poor decisions and ways to making ethical ones. Poor Decision Characteristics While there are many ways one can be ethical, Mallor, Barnes, Bowers, Langvardt suggest there are three essential traits one makes when a poor decision is made (1966/2010, p. 115). The fist common mistake of poor decision-making is when one forgets the goal that was previous set by him or herself or the organization. A person or the organization must keep all of their goals in mind when making decision, and many times individuals forget these goals. Overconfidence is another trait of poor decision-making. One aspect of overconfidence being that nobody will notice a little mistake made for correction later. For example, a manager may take a few dollars from the business expecting to put it back later and then a few more and later still more. However tomorrow never comes and before long, that first few dollars turns into hundreds or thousands. In the organization of my employment a small loan company as well as the owners stock car team on the side exists. The loan company sponsors the racing, and a year ago, the organization moved from the Midwest to the heart of NASCAR country. Once the owner arrived, he decided to buy the best equipment for the race team using funds from the loan company. While the spending spree may have been ok in the past, the owner did not take into account that need of hiring and training of new employees. When the new employees made poor lending decisions, combined with his spending, the organization almost went bankrupt. The other aspect of overconfidence is confirmation bias or â€Å"we  must be doing things the right way because all has gone well in the past† (Mallor et al., 1966/2010, p. 116). The overconfidence shows in the example of the overspending by the owner of the organizations statement: â€Å"Oh, it will all work out, because it always has†. The last trait of poor decision-making occurs when the issues are too complex and not realized for their complexity. Individuals may not realize the complexity of the issue and underestimate the issue. In the lending business, should we as an organization not know the laws of each state when it comes to lending, we can face serious legal issues should we make a loan to a resident of a state in which short term lending, such as we do, is illegal. Resisting Unethical Acts Resisting unethical acts, many times, is easier said than done. In order to do so, a person must first recognize that what they are about to do is unethical (Mallor et al., 1966/2010, p. 116). The first way to avoid making an unethical decision is to buy some time before acting. An individual must take some time, analyze the situation, and if need be, find other ways to accomplish the task at hand without being unethical. The next tactic is to seek out help from a mentor or support group. While an individual may not have the ethical solution to a problem at hand, many times others will. There have been many times when I have sought the advice of others prior to making a decision, which I think may be unethical. Using the previous example of making a loan to someone in a state in which it is illegal, I may ask the advice of a co-worker before I make the loan. The last way to resist making an unethical act is to find a better solution in which everyone wins. This goes hand in hand with one buying some time before acting upon an unethical act. Analyzing the situation, and getting all the facts may lead to a decision in which one makes an ethical decision while meeting the requirements of the direction one has been given. Leading Ethically When leading other individuals, it is imperative that one be ethical themselves, in order to lead ethically. A person, who is unethical, is going to inspire unethical behaviors in others. When members of an organization see that nothing happens to their leaders, others will fall  into the same unethical behavior and rationalize that what they are doing is ok as well (Mallor et al., 1966/2010, p. 119). Leaders must set the example of ethical behavior for others. Leaders must also communicate ethical values of the organization to the staff. How can an individual know what they are doing is unethical in the eyes of the organization, if they do not know what is expected of them? The leader must continually communicate to the staff and remind them of what is ethical behavior. Another way to lead other ethically is to reinforce ethical behavior in the staff. When a leader sees an ethical decision made by a staff member, recognize their action. This will help that employee continue to make the right decision, and show others what is ethical behavior. Conclusion In order to be ethical, one must know what makes ethical and unethical decisions in their lives. Recognizing what makes an unethical decision, and ways to avoid making them, will help one to makes the right choice. Analyzing the situation, weighing other options and alternatives will help one to make an ethical decision. For a leader, these tools will also help their staff make ethical decisions as well. References Mallor, J., Barnes, A. J., Bowers, T., Langvardt, A. W. (2010). Business law; The ethical, global, and e-commerce environment (14th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill Irwin. (Original work published 1966)

montaigne and descartes on doubting Essay -- essays research papers

Montaigne and Descartes   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Montaigne and Descartes both made use of a philosophical method that focused on the use of doubt to make discoveries about themselves and the world around them. However, they doubted different things. Descartes doubted all his previous knowledge from his senses, while Montaigne doubted that there were any absolute certainties in knowledge. Although they both began their philosophical processes by doubting, Montaigne doubting a constant static self, and Descartes doubted that anything existed at all, Descartes was able to move past that doubt to find one indubitably certainty, â€Å"I think, therefore I am†.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  How often do we question what is real or true? Descartes believed that doubting everything that he knew to be truthful knowledge was the only way to find out what was actually true and real. He turned doubting into a key principle for his methods of philosophy. Descartes would ask what we really knew beyond the shadow of a doubt. To do this he resolves to search within himself (Descartes 9). First though, since he decided to doubt everything, he had to put aside all of the knowledge that he supposedly knew, to search out the truth (Descartes 13). He did this blindly, not knowing whether the truth is the knowledge that he already knew and was forcing himself to put aside, or that the truth is some knowledge he did not know that would replace his previous forms of knowledge. Descartes decided that he did not need to prove that all of his knowledge was false, but only that all of his knowledge was not certain. He did not, however, spend time examining every one of hi s bits of knowledge. Instead after setting all of his previous knowledge aside he tried to find one thing outside of his knowledge that was certain.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Not only did Descartes set aside all of his previous knowledge, but he also set aside all knowledge he had gained, and that he continued to gain from his five senses. He would not believe what his eyes saw, or what his hand felt, because he could not yet determine his senses as giving him knowledge that could be turned into certainties. He did not have any reason to believe that he could rely on his senses. Descartes doubting of his senses also caused him to reject any knowledge that he had gained through life experience. Most of the knowl... ...se which†¦belong exclusively to the mind†¦things are sensed through understanding, understood through senses (Montaigne 414)†. It is also important to realize that our mind doubts things because it knows its own limits. Thus since we know nothing to be certain it is important to use softening phrases such as â€Å"perhaps, somewhat, some, they say, I think, and so on (356)†. Montaigne was constantly amazed at how much knowledge we claimed to be sure of.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Throughout Montaigne’s and Descartes written work they used doubt as a method to attaining knowledge about the world and about themselves. Descartes believed that preconceived knowledge gained through learning and the senses must be set aside in order to discover certainties. Montaigne believed that there were no certainties because our knowledge was attained through our senses, and thus everyone’s knowledge would be different, because everyone senses things differently. Either way both men turned into themselves to find the knowledge they described in their philosophies. They both left us with one important bit of knowledge to carry with us throughout our lives, accept nothing, and question everything.

Love Poison Essay -- Social Issues, Mistrust, Jealousy, Power

What is love? Love is a strong affection out of personal ties. Those who misunderstand and misuse it will have terrible consequences, and those who know the true meaning of it will have benefit from it. The example of misunderstand it will happen when one person mixes s/he’s own feeling with love, something terrible. For examples: jealousy, manipulate one and others, mistrust and desire for power. In the Macbeth by William Shakespeare, love has taken into a lot of different forms some are bad and some are good. Macbeth and Lady Macbeth ‘s desire toward the crowned is one example of misunderstand of love. Lady Macbeth manipulates her husband to kill King Duncan is another example of misunderstanding of love. Later on Lady Macbeth is suffers from nightmare because she misuses the concept of love. Macbeth is suffering from his own problem which is the death prophecy. In the other hand, Maduff and his family is the one that are using the love in a positive way. The love p rotection from Lady Macduff to her son, from her son protects his father, from Macduff to protect his family. Even thought, Macbeth has order to kill Macduff family, Macduff is still survives the suffering, he uses this as his power to revenge for his family. Macduff become the victor in the end, which is the example of those who use it wisely can be either benefit from it or have good feedback. The first time that indicates Macbeth misuse that love as the desire is right after he heard about what witches have said to him. Him lost in his desire, â€Å"My thought, whose murder yet is but fantastical, Shakes so my single state of man That function is smothered in surmise, And nothing is but what is not. ( Act 1, scene3, line 151-155).† At this moment he is alread... ...h’s head on his hand. He revenge for his son and his love, Lady Macduff and what he gain is a peaceful night with respect from others. He turned the anger into his power and blessed by his family. The one who knows how to use the love can benefit from it. Love is a lot of thing, sometimes love can show by kissing someone or just simply caring for someone. Sometimes people manipulate love into something else while thinking they are doing for the right reasons. Those who misunderstand and misuse it will have terrible consequences, and those who know the true meaning of it will have benefit from it. Those who does not use it properly will end up like Macbeth for losing s/he’s own mind. Those who use it property will end up something good, although during the process, there might be some obstacles, but as long as s/he can survive it, then it will all ends up good. Love Poison Essay -- Social Issues, Mistrust, Jealousy, Power What is love? Love is a strong affection out of personal ties. Those who misunderstand and misuse it will have terrible consequences, and those who know the true meaning of it will have benefit from it. The example of misunderstand it will happen when one person mixes s/he’s own feeling with love, something terrible. For examples: jealousy, manipulate one and others, mistrust and desire for power. In the Macbeth by William Shakespeare, love has taken into a lot of different forms some are bad and some are good. Macbeth and Lady Macbeth ‘s desire toward the crowned is one example of misunderstand of love. Lady Macbeth manipulates her husband to kill King Duncan is another example of misunderstanding of love. Later on Lady Macbeth is suffers from nightmare because she misuses the concept of love. Macbeth is suffering from his own problem which is the death prophecy. In the other hand, Maduff and his family is the one that are using the love in a positive way. The love p rotection from Lady Macduff to her son, from her son protects his father, from Macduff to protect his family. Even thought, Macbeth has order to kill Macduff family, Macduff is still survives the suffering, he uses this as his power to revenge for his family. Macduff become the victor in the end, which is the example of those who use it wisely can be either benefit from it or have good feedback. The first time that indicates Macbeth misuse that love as the desire is right after he heard about what witches have said to him. Him lost in his desire, â€Å"My thought, whose murder yet is but fantastical, Shakes so my single state of man That function is smothered in surmise, And nothing is but what is not. ( Act 1, scene3, line 151-155).† At this moment he is alread... ...h’s head on his hand. He revenge for his son and his love, Lady Macduff and what he gain is a peaceful night with respect from others. He turned the anger into his power and blessed by his family. The one who knows how to use the love can benefit from it. Love is a lot of thing, sometimes love can show by kissing someone or just simply caring for someone. Sometimes people manipulate love into something else while thinking they are doing for the right reasons. Those who misunderstand and misuse it will have terrible consequences, and those who know the true meaning of it will have benefit from it. Those who does not use it properly will end up like Macbeth for losing s/he’s own mind. Those who use it property will end up something good, although during the process, there might be some obstacles, but as long as s/he can survive it, then it will all ends up good.

I’Ve Been to the Mountaintop Analysis

Through the speech â€Å"I’ve Been to the Mountaintop†, Martin Luther King Jr. wants to give hope to the audience. It is very important to notice the style, imagery and structure he uses throughout the speech in particular the way he ends his speech, by leaving the audience at the climax. The first paragraph of this passage, consists of two long and complex sentences. These two sentences are very biblical. â€Å"[†¦ ] view of the whole human history up to now, and the Almighty said to me [†¦ ]†. This line is notable because he uses the word â€Å"Almighty†, instead of the word God.By using this, the religious audience sees this point differently. Almighty sounds to them as God would be in an even higher position, which makes it more significant. In line 3 and 4 there is direct speech from God to Martin Luther King where God asks him â€Å"Martin Luther King, which age would you like to live in? †. This dramatizes the situation, because the audience imagines how God is actually talking to Martin Luther King. The image of God in this text passage is particularly significant because no one has a picture about God, however everyone knows that God is Almighty and each individual has a different picture of God.Because the audience consists of mainly religious people the use of religious terms is important. In the second paragraph of this passages the audience sees another view of God, where God is as a person working. Having explored how the author has presented his biblical language it is now important to consider the use of his tone, in particular how some words are being sung more. For example in line 5, â€Å"dark dungeons†. This is an alliteration but also the sound of it creates a singing impression.The repetition in line 17 â€Å"[†¦] favorite, favorite formula [†¦]†, is important, because that makes this line more enthusiastic and lets the audience get a deeper understanding. However in the third paragraph an everyday language style is being used. Next, I will go into the imagery part of this passage. What makes this part of the text in particular rewarding to analyze is the way Martin Luther King presents God to the audience. He shows that God is similar to everyone. This is clearly shown in line 12 to line 13, where he says â€Å"And I see God working in this period of the twentieth century in a way that men, in some strange way, are responding. . Here he also shows, that God does not use his almighty powers, instead he shows him as working like every other person. The image of the â€Å"promised land† (line 6 and line 33) is particularly significant to the audience, because everyone imagines the promised land different. Most in the audience think of a place which is similar to paradise. In this place there would be no war, no hate in general it would be a peaceful place. In a way Martin Luther King is representing himself as Moses, and his mission is to brin g the audience to the promised land.Additionally he uses words, which where used during the time of Moses, such as â€Å"the promised land†. He also states, that he hast been to the mountaintop, and that he has â€Å"looked over† (line 32) and he has â€Å"seen the promised land† (line 32). However, Moses died the day after this happened, so in a way this fore shadows, the death of Martin Luther King Jr. , because he actually was assassinated the day after this speech. The structure of this speech consists of the background, the present and the qlimax, where the speech then stops.In the first two paragraphs, Martin Luther King starts of by going back into history, where God would ask him in â€Å"which age would you like to live in? †. Then Martin Luther King goes through many historical known places, and always repeats the phrase saying â€Å"I wouldn’t stop there [†¦]†. With this repetition the audience sees where he is trying to go, and what he is trying to avoid to get to that point of history where he wants to live. He decides to live in the twentieth century, because this century is very important. It is important because after he says, â€Å"Now thats a strange statement to make, because the world is all messed up.The nation is sick. Trouble is in the land; confusion all around. † (line 9 to line 11). In a way he is also trying to say, he decided to live in this time, to help the nation get their hope back, and make them handle the world again. Toward the middle, he is speaking with more hope, in a lighter but louder voice. The text also becomes more positive, for the people to get their hope back. The end of the speech is a very important part, because he leaves the audience at the qlimax of his speech. He finishes by saying â€Å"Mine eyes have seen the glory of the coming of the Lord† (line 34) and then he leave the podium.The audience then applauses, where every individual seems to be conv inced of his speech. In conclusion the text is very well setup, where the structure, the style and the imagery work together in a way to create an atmosphere, where it seemed that at the start of the speech everything still had a bad impact, however towards the end of the speech it turned out to be good again. In my personal opinion I think that Martin Luther King, gave the audience back their hope, in order to take non-violent action and maintain unity again. 939 words.

Advantages of Starting Up a Business

Advantages of Starting up a Business * Being your own Boss  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ you can make your own decisions, keep your own time and not have to answer to â€Å"The Boss† * Hard Work & Know How  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ If you are a hard worker and / or have immense industry know how, you may want to benefit from the long hours you do or the knowledge that you have acquired over time. * Financial Independence  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ One day, you may realise your dream of financial independence * Creative Freedom  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ no more restrictions, you can do what you like and have the freedom to work, design, create, build what you think is best – your way! Goodwill  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ you don't have to pay for it (as if your would if you were buying a business) – you get to build it * Location, Premises, Building Fitout  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ you get to choose it all * Staff  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ your not lumped with staff you don't want. You hire and train from scratch – your way * No Bad Name  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ a fresh bu siness, a fresh start. Your name has no bad history with suppliers or customers. If you buy a business, you may find some people just won't deal with the business because of past dealings * Business Image  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ you create the business image you want. Your way. Disadvantages of starting your own small or medium business can include: * Cash Flow  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ your business may not have a positive cash flow for two years – how are you going to cover that? * Competitors  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ you may invest all this time, money and effort into your business and a large competitor targets your customers and offers them a similar product / service at below your cost – until your business has failed. While this may be anti – competitive and contravene sections of  The Trade Practices Act 1974, it may be too late for your business * Homework  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ have you done it? You may do it all and then find when you are all set up, that something from left field becomes apparent and significantly alters the outlook of your business * History  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ If you buy a business, you are buying something. You are buying history of the business trading, you have staff in place, equipment and premises in place, customers ringing in with orders on your first Monday morning. If you start a business, you have no history. Everything must be generated from scratch. * Married to the Business  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ this is a common hrase from small business owners. It basically means, your hours of work and level of commitment is such that you cannot take a holiday, your business is always with you (day, nights ; weekends) and basically your neck is on the line. You can't just throw the keys back and give it all away if it gets too hard! * Suppliers  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Suppliers may not extend you credit as your business has no history, so you may have to pay upfront for your goods, and you may not collect money from your customers for those goods for 90 – 120 days. This is very detrimental to cash flow. Can you sustain this? Have you factored it into your budget? * Family  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ is your family situation such that you can undertake this huge venture of starting a small business from scratch? Think carefully about starting a business from scratch. It often means a huge sacrifice with no guarantee of reward. Your current employed situation may actually be a better position than starting a small business. Good luck, in whatever you may decide. Please think about the advantages and disadvantages of starting a small business. Our list above is only a starting point, each situation will be different. If you are seriously considering starting a small business, Rogerson Kenny Business Accountants offer a free initial consultation, so you can discuss with us your ideas! Advantages and disadvantages of buying an existing business Advantages * Some of the groundwork to get the business up and running will have been done. * It may be easier to obtain finance as the business will have a proven track record. * A market for the product or service will have already been demonstrated. There may be established customers, a reliable income, a reputation to capitalise and build on and a useful network of contacts. * A business plan and marketing method should already be in place. * Existing employees should have experience you can draw on. * Many of the problems will have been discovered and solved already. Disadvantages * You often need to invest a large amount up front, and will also have to budget for professional fe es for solicitors, surveyors, accountants etc. * You will probably also need several months' worth of working capital to ssist with cashflow. * If the business has been neglected you may need to invest quite a bit more on top of the purchase price to give it the best chance of success. * You may need to honour or renegotiate any outstanding contracts the previous owner leaves in place. * You also need to consider why the current owner is selling up and how this might impact the business and your taking it over. * It's possible current staff may not be happy with a new boss, or the business might have been run badly and staff morale may be low. Advantages and disadvantages of franchising Advantages * Your business is based on a  proven idea. You can check how successful other franchises are before committing yourself. * You can use a recognised  brand name  and  trade marks. You benefit from any advertising or promotion by the owner of the franchise – the ‘franchisor'. * The franchisor gives you  support  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ usually including training, help setting up the business, a manual telling you how to run the business and ongoing advice. * You usually have  exclusive rights  in your territory. The franchisor won't sell any other franchises in the same territory. Financing  the business may be easier. Banks are sometimes more likely to lend money to buy a franchise with a good reputation. * You can benefit from communicating and sharing ideas with, and receiving support from, other franchisees in the network. * Relationships with  suppliers  have already been established. Disadvantages * Costs  may be higher than you expect. As well a s the initial costs of buying the franchise, you pay continuing management service fees and you may have to agree to buy products from the franchisor. The franchise agreement usually includes  restrictionson how you can run the business. You might not be able to make changes to suit your local market. * The franchisor might go  out of business. * Other franchisees could give the brand a  bad reputation, so the recruitment process needs to be thorough * You may find it difficult to  sell  your franchise – you can only sell it to someone approved by the franchisor. * All profits (a percentage of sales) are usually shared with the franchisor.

Baker v. Carr (1962)

In 1962, the US Supreme Court had decided over the Baker v. Carr case. The Baker v. Carr case was a landmark US Supreme Court case which at last withdrawn from its political question doctrine to come to a decision about the reapportionment concerns. The said case was brought up by the urban voters in opposition to the Tennessee Secretary of State and Attorney Gen. in the United States District Court of Middle Tennessee. Tennessee was unsuccessful to reallocate the state legislature for about 60 years in spite of the growth of the population and redeployment.Charles Baker was a voter who filed a case against the state-and Joe Carr was a state officer who was in command of elections- in federal district court. Moreover, before the US Supreme Court gives their decision about the case, majority of the legislative districts throughout Ohio and in several states didn’t have the same numbers in terms of their population rates (see â€Å"Baker v. Carr†. The Columbia Encyclopedi a, Sixth Ed. P. 3865, 2004). This would definitely signify that a representative may possibly represent about 100,000 populations in each district whereas the others may possibly represent 500,000.In Ohio, every country had its own right to have a legislator in the Ohio government prior to Baker v. Carr. During 1960, Franklin County had more than 300,000 inhabitants whereas Vinton County had merely 11,000 populaces. In the previous system, every country has a legislator but in Baker v. Carr case, each county did not longer have the right to receive a legislator (see â€Å"Baker v. Carr†. OhioHistoryCentral. org, 2006). The focal points of this study are to:(1) know the historical background on Baker v.Carr case;(2) discuss the facts of the case and its court’s ruling and;(3) be aware of the impact of Baker and Carr case on American government and society.Discussion A. Historical BackgroundThe complainant Charles Baker resided in Shelby County, Tennessee- the county whe re Memphis is situated- and was a Republican. Baker’s protest was that even though the Tennessee State Constitution necessitated that legislative districts be redrawn after 10 years as stated by the federal survey to give districts of substantively even inhabitants, , Tennessee was unable to redistrict since from the population count during 1900.During the court case of Baker, the district of Shelby County-where Baker resides- had more populations just like other rural districts have. Baker’s argument pointed out that this inconsistency caused him unable to have the â€Å"equal protection under the laws† as stated by the Fourteenth Amendment. On the other hand, Joe Carr was litigated in his status as the Secretary of States for Tennessee. Joe Carr did not set the district lines because it was done by the state parliament but then, a case was filed against him as the person who was the most liable and accountable for the district maps’ publication and for conducting elections in the state.The State of Tennessee claimed and disputed that legislative districts were fundamentally political and not judicial as had been engrossed by a number of Court’s opinion in Colegrove v. Green in 1946 which Justice Felix Frankfurter announced that: â€Å"Courts ought not to enter this political market† (see â€Å"U. S. Supreme Court: baker v. Carr, 369 U. U. 186 (1962). † Findlaw. com, 2006). B. The Facts of the Case Charles W. Baker and several Tennessee inhabitants suspected that a 1901 decree designed to allocate the seats for the General Assembly of the state was practically disregarded.The lawsuit of Baker comprehensively discussed on how the reapportionment efforts of Tennessee disregard substantial and important economic development and population modification within the state (see â€Å"Baker v. Carr 369 U. S. 186 (1962)†. Oyez. org). C. Court’s Ruling C. 1 The Laws Applied: *U. S. Const. amend. XIV; U. S. C onst. art. III *42 U. S. C. 1983; Tenn. Const. art.The most awaited result was finally given in March 1962, almost a year after it was originally disputed. The ruling of Baker v. Carr was considered as one of the major wrenching in the history of the Court.The Supreme Court stated that the federal courts have the authority to regulate and decide the constitutionality of the voting of a state’s districts as stated in a 6-2 ruling. Justice William J. Brennan, Jr. put in writing the common opinion, declaring that the constitutional right of the complainant or plaintiff to receive their votes count impartially provided them the essential and required lawful interest to carry out the court case. He disputed that the case did not include a â€Å"political question† which stopped and prohibited judicial review.A court may possibly regulate the constitutionality of the apportionment decisions’ of the State without intervening with the political judgments of the legislat ure. Moreover, Baker v. Carr case was sent back to the federal court (see â€Å"Baker v. Carr (1962). Infoplease, Pearson Education 2005). Justice William O. Douglas wrote down conforming judgment. He announced that: â€Å"If a voter does not anymore have the full constitutional value of his franchise (right to vote), and the legislative branch fails to take appropriate restorative action, the doors of the courts must be open† (see â€Å"Baker v. Carr (1962). Infoplease, Pearson Education 2005).However, in a conflicting view, Justice John Harlan II disputed and wrote that: â€Å"The federal equal protection clause does not prevent a State from choosing any electoral legislative structure it thinks best suited to the interests, temper, and customs of its people. If a state chose to distribute electoral strength among geographical units, rather than according to a census of population is†¦ a rational decision policy†¦ entitled to equal respect from this Court† (see â€Å"Baker v. Carr (1962).  Infoplease, Pearson Education 2005).ConclusionThe court declared that there were no questions that need to be answered in Baker v. Carr case and the parliamentary apportionment was a justified concern. Justice William Brennan had cited previous cases in which the Court interfered to amend constitutional infringements in issues which pertain to state government and the officials by whom state affairs are organized (see â€Å"Baker v. Carr 369 U. S. 186 (1962)†. Oyez. org). D. The impact of Baker and Carr case on American Government and SocietyThe impact of Baker and Carr case on American government and society was that the said landmark decision had made a way for many lawsuits on legislative apportionment. Because of the Baker v. Carr case, by the year of 1967, voters from Ohio altered and revised the state constitution. The revision made a ninety-nine seat state House and a thirty-three seat state Senate. The said revision set up and cr eated too that every representative and senator should receive about the similar number of populations as required by the US Supreme Court. The Baler and Carr case and the modified constitution of Ohio was an uninterrupted outcome of urbanization.In the middle of the 20th century, several individuals departed from rural areas and transferred to cities. The major cause for the said relocation was the deteriorating chances in the countryside. While in the cities, they ever more provided good high paying jobs and various employment opportunities. In Baker v. Carr case, the U. S. Supreme Court tried to make an effort to amend the subsequent dilemmas in political representation (see â€Å"Baker v. Carr†. OhioHistoryCentral. org, 2006).References:1. â€Å"Baker v. Carr†. OhioHistoryCentral. org, 2006. http://www. ohiohistorycentral. org/entry. php? rec=1399.2. â€Å"U. S. Supreme Court: baker v. Carr, 369 U. U. 186 (1962). † Findlaw. com, 2006. http://caselaw. lp. fin dlaw. com/scripts/getcase. pl? court=US&vol=369&invol=186.3. â€Å"Baker v. Carr 369 U. S. 186 (1962)†. Oyez. org. http://www. oyez. org/oyez/resource/case/25/.4. â€Å"Baker v. Carr (1962). Infoplease, Pearson Education 2005. http://www. infoplease. com/us/supreme-court/cases/ar02. html.5. â€Å"Baker v. Carr†. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Ed. P. 3865. Columbia University Press, New York, 2004).